Optimización del uso del paisaje físico-geográfico en las zonas funcionales de la microcuenca Potrero de la Palmita, Nayarit, México.

Abstract

The territorial planning in the basin’s functional zones requires an integrative and participatory approach, developed from a complex methodology that considers the qualities and weaknesses of the territory in test, in order to take the best decision regarding the current and future landscape use, contemplating its biophysical and socioproductive conditions. The present work has as objective to elaborate a proposal of landscape use optimization in the functional zones of the Potrero de la Palmita micro-basin, Nayarit, to contribute to the generation of cartographic information at a local scale, to the planning and the management of its territory. In order to answer the main objective, an integrated diagnosis was made, which took up the methods of water balance, land use change, laminar water erosion, susceptibility to natural hazards and territorial aptitude. In addition, a participatory diagnosis was made that considered the method of focal groups, workshops and participatory GIS, and finally, the method of territory use optimization on a local scale (1:10 000) was proposed, the information obtained was processed in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) platform. The result was a detailed description of the socio-environmental status of the landscape units, based on which nine different land uses were proposed (Conservation, Conservation-Tourism, Livestock, Livestock-Tourism, Agricultural, Agricultural-Tourism, Agricultural-Livestock, Agricultural-Livestock-Tourism and Settlement-Tourism). The research represented a viable methodology to approach territorial planning at a very detailed scale in a micro-basin, allowing to make management and planning strategies, based on their status, dynamics, processes, potentials and socio-environmental problems, taking into account GIS platforms as main tool.