TECNOLOGIA, ORGANIZAÇÃO SOCIAL E MEIO AMBIENTE

Abstract

Technology, Social Organization and Environment This article shows the relationship of material culture, the technology involved in the production of artifacts, their interaction with landscape, with the type of group social organization and with the rest of the environment. Material cul- ture is the record of a group's needs, an indicator of the technology available and consequently reflects social complexity. The needs of a group are related to both the environment and the maintenance of their way of life, which en- compasses livelihoods, social relationships and ideological practices. Chang- es in technological support are related to environmental changes or social organization. In the case of stable environments and social organizations, such as with tribal levels of organization, we see the permanence of technol- ogy over long periods. Here we use as an example the tribal societies of Tupi-Guarani linguistic affiliation who occupied eastern South America for about 1,000 years.