La inversión del gradiente hidráulico y sus efectos en la hidrogeoquímica de dos grupos de pozos bien diferenciados, en la zona de La Muralla, Guanajuato, México

Abstract

Local recharge shows very active dynamics in the zone of La Muralla. During the rainy season it generates most of the hydraulic charge in the south of the area producing flows towards the north. Nevertheless, during the dry season, the gradient is inverted producing a larger hydraulic charge in the north. The interaction of local and regional flows plays a very important role in the hydro- geochemical evolution of the wells. When recharge dominates, the dilution causes a decrease in the hydrogeochemical level, and during the dry season, the influence of deep flows that increase the hydrogeochemical concentration pre- vails. Well established variations in values of lithium, fluoride, chloride, and sodium allow differentiation of these two groups. Group A, where the northern wells are located, is related to deep flows, showing a higher concentration of hydrogeochemical components. Group B, located in the south, is associated with local recharge and shows low concentrations of these parameters.