El uso de modelos digitales de elevación y ortoimágenes para la determinación de los cauces de cuencas hidrológicas de la zona de Tixtla, Guerrero

Abstract

The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), as the Mexican geograph- ical agency, aims to produce geospatial data and information in order to provide to the society and state quality information, persistent, accurate and opportune, in order to contribute to national development. INEGI generates geographic data groups that permit make decision at national level as prevention and disaster attention, national security, territorial regulation, urban development, planning and design of buildings, protected natural zones, hydrography and hydrology, environment, energy, commu- nications and transport, infrastructure construction and different projects, objectives, activities and targets, the objective is to be useful for the design, implementation and evaluation of public policies directed to the progress and development of Mexico. Among the diversity of geographic data produced by INEGI are the corresponding to continental and insular relief and territory images, these digital data reach their full potential when they are spatially related to geographic information systems providing users and specialists a broad options in modelling and topographic analyze of the territory with a great approach to the reality and advantages and variants of computer technology applied to digital geography. This work makes known the processes for determining riverbeds basins for Tixtla in Guerrero State area, using terrain relief digital data and orthoimages also with the use of geographic information systems, as they have an importance not just in the combination and integration of geospatial data, but the capacity to extract information about riverbeds or water flow needed for hydrological modeling this by spatial operations used and algorithms, for this purpose using digital elevation models that allow modelling the interaction between landform and transport of water and sediments process. This will allow obtain geographic in- formation to analyze the Tixtla’s watershed environment, and if have elements facing he possibility to know the risks that may be in the presence of hydrometeorological phenomena causing floods, thus achieving promote a safety culture and self-protec- tion by the strengthening of citizens themselves, achieving progress towards better living conditions, providing the responsiveness of the communities in the presence of any phenomenon or disturbing agent that could affect the population safety of Tixtla, Guerrero.